Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

25. The Urinary System

Renal Physiology Step 2: Tubular Reabsorption

Anatomy & Physiology

25. The Urinary System

Renal Physiology Step 2: Tubular Reabsorption

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Problem 7b

Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
b. The distal tubule reabsorbs sodium ions and secretes potassium and hydrogen ions in response to ADH.

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of the distal tubule in the nephron. The distal tubule is involved in the reabsorption of sodium ions (Na⁺) and the secretion of potassium ions (K⁺) and hydrogen ions (H⁺). This process is regulated by hormones such as aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Review the function of ADH (antidiuretic hormone). ADH primarily acts on the collecting ducts of the nephron to increase water reabsorption by making the ducts more permeable to water. It does not directly regulate the secretion of potassium or hydrogen ions in the distal tubule.

Identify the hormone responsible for regulating sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the distal tubule. Aldosterone, not ADH, is the hormone that stimulates the reabsorption of sodium ions and the secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions in the distal tubule.

Evaluate the statement: 'The distal tubule reabsorbs sodium ions and secretes potassium and hydrogen ions in response to ADH.' This statement is false because ADH does not regulate these processes in the distal tubule; aldosterone does.

Correct the false statement: 'The distal tubule reabsorbs sodium ions and secretes potassium and hydrogen ions in response to aldosterone, not ADH.'

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Distal Tubule Function

The distal tubule is a segment of the nephron in the kidney responsible for the reabsorption of sodium ions and the secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. This process is crucial for maintaining electrolyte balance and regulating blood pressure. The distal tubule's activity is influenced by hormones such as aldosterone, which promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It primarily regulates water balance in the body by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, particularly in the collecting ducts. While ADH affects water reabsorption, it does not directly influence sodium or potassium ion transport in the distal tubule.

Hormonal Regulation of Kidney Function

The function of the kidneys is regulated by various hormones, including aldosterone and ADH. Aldosterone stimulates sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the distal tubule, while ADH focuses on water reabsorption. Understanding the roles of these hormones is essential for comprehending how the kidneys maintain homeostasis and respond to changes in the body's fluid and electrolyte status.

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Which is reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule cells?

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b. K⁺

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Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

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Dilute urine is produced when decreased levels of______ are secreted.

a. Aldosterone

b. Atrial natriuretic peptide

c. ADH

d. None of the above

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