Multiple Choice
Which of the following hormones is produced by the pancreas and facilitates the transport of glucose into target cells?
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16. The Endocrine System
Introduction to the Endocrine System
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Which of the following hormones is released when your blood glucose levels fall too low?
A
Cortisol
B
Insulin
C
Epinephrine
D
Glucagon
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of hormones in regulating blood glucose levels. Hormones are chemical messengers that help maintain homeostasis in the body, including the regulation of blood sugar levels.
Identify the function of each hormone listed in the problem. Cortisol is involved in stress response and can increase blood glucose levels. Insulin lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells. Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, can increase blood glucose levels during stress.
Recognize the role of glucagon. Glucagon is a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas. Its primary function is to raise blood glucose levels by promoting the conversion of stored glycogen in the liver into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream.
Determine the physiological response to low blood glucose levels. When blood glucose levels fall too low, the body needs to increase them to maintain energy supply, especially to vital organs like the brain.
Conclude that glucagon is the hormone released when blood glucose levels are too low, as it directly acts to increase blood glucose by stimulating glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver.
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