Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

What is Anatomy & Physiology?

Anatomy & Physiology

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

What is Anatomy & Physiology?

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1:55 minutes

Problem 10

Textbook Question

List and describe briefly five external factors that must be present or provided to sustain life.

Verified step by step guidance

Understand that external factors required to sustain life are essential conditions or resources that the body depends on to maintain homeostasis and perform vital functions.

Factor 1: Oxygen - Oxygen is crucial for cellular respiration, a process that generates ATP (energy) by breaking down glucose. Without oxygen, cells cannot produce sufficient energy to sustain life.

Factor 2: Nutrients - Nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals are necessary for energy production, growth, repair, and maintaining cellular functions.

Factor 3: Water - Water is vital for maintaining hydration, facilitating chemical reactions, transporting substances, and regulating body temperature. It makes up a significant portion of the human body.

Factor 4: Appropriate Temperature - The body requires a stable temperature (around 37°C or 98.6°F) for enzymes to function optimally and for metabolic processes to occur efficiently. Extreme temperatures can disrupt these processes.

Factor 5: Atmospheric Pressure - Adequate atmospheric pressure is necessary for proper gas exchange in the lungs during breathing. Insufficient pressure can impair oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, affecting cellular respiration.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Water

Water is essential for all known forms of life, serving as a solvent for biochemical reactions, a medium for nutrient transport, and a regulator of temperature. It is involved in metabolic processes and is crucial for maintaining cellular structure and function.

Nutrients

Nutrients, including carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals, are vital for energy production, growth, and repair of tissues. They provide the necessary building blocks for cellular processes and are required for the synthesis of biomolecules essential for life.

Oxygen

Oxygen is critical for aerobic respiration, a process through which organisms convert glucose and other substrates into energy. It is necessary for the survival of most multicellular organisms and plays a key role in metabolic pathways that sustain life.