Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Genetic Code

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Genetic Code

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1:39 minutes

Problem 2

Textbook Question

Which of the following correctly ranks the structures in order of size, from largest to smallest?a. gene-chromosome-nucleotide-codonb. chromosome-gene-codon-nucleotidec. nucleotide-chromosome-gene-codond. chromosome-nucleotide-gene-codon

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the structures involved: chromosome, gene, nucleotide, and codon.

Understand the hierarchy of genetic structures: Chromosomes are made up of genes, which are sequences of nucleotides.

Recognize that a codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis.

Rank the structures from largest to smallest based on their definitions: Chromosome > Gene > Codon > Nucleotide.

Compare the options given in the problem to determine which one matches the correct order of size.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Chromosome

A chromosome is a long, thread-like structure made of DNA and proteins that contains genetic information. In humans, chromosomes are found in the nucleus of cells and are organized into pairs. Each chromosome can contain hundreds to thousands of genes, making it one of the largest structures in the hierarchy of genetic organization.

Gene

A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that encodes instructions for building proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of living organisms. Genes are located on chromosomes and can vary in size, but they are generally much smaller than chromosomes. Each gene plays a crucial role in determining an organism's traits and characteristics.

Nucleotide and Codon

Nucleotides are the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that corresponds to a specific amino acid or stop signal during protein synthesis. Codons are smaller than nucleotides, as they are formed by combinations of three nucleotides, making them one of the smallest units in the genetic hierarchy.