Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Genetic Code

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Genetic Code

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Problem 1

Textbook Question

List the order of nucleotides on the mRNA that would be transcribed from the following DNA sequence: CGATTACTTA.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the DNA sequence provided: CGATTACTTA.

Recall that during transcription, DNA is used as a template to synthesize mRNA, where adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U), thymine (T) pairs with adenine (A), cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G), and guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C).

Transcribe each nucleotide from the DNA template to its complementary mRNA nucleotide: C -> G, G -> C, A -> U, T -> A, T -> A, A -> U, C -> G, T -> A, T -> A, A -> U.

Write down the resulting mRNA sequence using the complementary nucleotides identified in the previous step.

Review the mRNA sequence to ensure that each DNA nucleotide has been correctly transcribed to its complementary mRNA nucleotide.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Transcription

Transcription is the process by which the genetic information encoded in DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). During transcription, RNA polymerase binds to the DNA at a specific region called the promoter and synthesizes a complementary RNA strand using one of the DNA strands as a template.

Nucleotide Base Pairing

Nucleotide base pairing refers to the specific pairing of nitrogenous bases in nucleic acids. In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). During transcription, however, uracil (U) replaces thymine in RNA, so adenine pairs with uracil instead.

mRNA Sequence Formation

The mRNA sequence is formed by complementary base pairing to the DNA template strand during transcription. For each DNA nucleotide, a corresponding RNA nucleotide is added to the growing mRNA strand, resulting in a sequence that reflects the original DNA sequence, with the exception of uracil replacing thymine.