Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Acids and Bases

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Acids and Bases

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1:40 minutes

Problem 21

Textbook Question

Define pH. The pH range of blood is from 7.35 to 7.45. Circle the correct answer to complete the sentence: This is slightly (acidic / basic).

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Define pH. pH is a measure of the hydrogen ion concentration ([H⁺]) in a solution, indicating its acidity or basicity. It is calculated using the formula: pH = -log₁₀[H⁺]. A pH of 7 is neutral, values below 7 are acidic, and values above 7 are basic.

Step 2: Understand the pH range of blood. The normal pH range of blood is from 7.35 to 7.45, which is slightly above 7, indicating it is not neutral but slightly basic.

Step 3: Compare the blood pH range to the neutral pH value of 7. Since the blood pH range is greater than 7, it falls into the basic category.

Step 4: Circle the correct answer in the sentence provided. Based on the analysis, the correct answer is 'basic.'

Step 5: Review the importance of maintaining blood pH within this range. Blood pH is tightly regulated because deviations can disrupt enzyme function and cellular processes, leading to health issues such as acidosis or alkalosis.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

pH Definition

pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution, quantified on a scale from 0 to 14. A pH of 7 is considered neutral, values below 7 indicate acidity, and values above 7 indicate basicity. The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning each whole number change represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.

Blood pH Range

The normal pH range of human blood is between 7.35 and 7.45, which is slightly basic. Maintaining this narrow range is crucial for proper physiological function, as deviations can lead to acidosis (low pH) or alkalosis (high pH), both of which can have serious health implications.

Acidic vs. Basic

A solution is classified as acidic if it has a pH less than 7 and basic if it has a pH greater than 7. Since the blood pH range is slightly above 7, it is considered basic. Understanding this distinction is essential for interpreting the physiological state of the body and its metabolic processes.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Acids:

a. Release hydroxyl ions when dissolved in water

b. Are proton acceptors

c. Cause the pH of a solution to rise

d. Release protons when dissolved in water

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Textbook Question

Mrs. Roberts, in a diabetic coma, has just been admitted to Noble Hospital. Her blood pH indicates that she is in severe acidosis (low blood pH), and measures are quickly instituted to bring her blood pH back within normal limits.

Define pH and note the normal pH of blood.

Why is severe acidosis a problem?

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Textbook Question

Jason, a 12-year-old boy, was awakened suddenly by a loud crash. As he sat up in bed, straining to listen, his fright was revealed by his rapid breathing (hyperventilation), a breathing pattern effective in ridding the blood of CO₂. At this point, was his blood pH rising or falling?

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Textbook Question

Alkaline substances include which of the following?

a. Gastric juice

b. Water

c. Blood

d. Lemon juice

e. Ammonia

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Textbook Question

Mrs. Roberts, who is in a diabetic coma, has just been admitted to Noble Hospital. Her blood pH indicates that she is in severe acidosis (blood pH in the acid range), and the medical staff quickly institute measures to bring her blood pH back within normal limits. Note the normal pH of blood, and discuss why severe acidosis is a problem.

Textbook Question

A pH of 7.8 in the human body typifies a condition referred to as

(a) Acidosis

(b) Alkalosis

(d) Homeostasis

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Textbook Question

A(n)__is a solute that dissociates to release hydrogen ions, and a(n)___is a solute that removes hydrogen ions from solution.

(a) base, acid

(b) salt, base

(d) acid, base

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