Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

Fluid Balance

Anatomy & Physiology

26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance

Fluid Balance

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Problem 6c

Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
c. The main hormone that regulates fluid balance is antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the statement provided. The statement claims that the main hormone regulating fluid balance is antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Step 2: Recall the role of ADH in the body. ADH, also known as vasopressin, is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland and plays a key role in regulating water balance by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Step 3: Evaluate whether ADH is the 'main' hormone regulating fluid balance. While ADH is crucial for water retention, other hormones like aldosterone (which regulates sodium and water reabsorption) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP, which promotes water excretion) also contribute to fluid balance.

Step 4: Determine the truth of the statement. The statement is true because ADH is indeed one of the primary hormones involved in regulating fluid balance, particularly in response to dehydration or high plasma osmolality.

Step 5: If the statement were false, the correction would involve specifying another hormone or clarifying the role of multiple hormones in fluid balance. For example, 'The main hormone that regulates fluid balance is aldosterone' would be false, as aldosterone primarily regulates sodium and indirectly affects water balance.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is a hormone produced by the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating the body's fluid balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, thus concentrating urine and reducing water loss. Understanding ADH is essential for grasping how the body maintains homeostasis in fluid levels.

Fluid Balance

Fluid balance refers to the equilibrium between the intake and output of fluids in the body, which is vital for maintaining physiological functions. It involves the regulation of water and electrolytes, ensuring that cells and organs operate effectively. Disruptions in fluid balance can lead to conditions such as dehydration or edema, highlighting the importance of hormones like ADH in this process.

Homeostasis

Homeostasis is the process by which biological systems maintain stability while adjusting to changing external conditions. It encompasses various physiological mechanisms, including temperature regulation, pH balance, and fluid regulation. Hormones like ADH are integral to homeostasis, as they help the body respond to fluctuations in hydration and osmotic pressure, ensuring optimal functioning.

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Textbook Question

Mr. Jessup, a 55-year-old man, is operated on for a cerebral tumor. About a month later, he appears at his physician's office complaining of excessive thirst. He claims to have been drinking about 20 liters of water daily for the past week and says he has been voiding nearly continuously. A urine sample is collected and its specific gravity is reported as 1.001.

What is your diagnosis of Mr. Jessup's problem?

What connection might exist between his previous surgery and his present problem?

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Textbook Question

A cell in a/an ________ fluid will lose water, and a cell in a/an ________ fluid will gain water.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

a. The thirst mechanism is mediated by osmoreceptors located in the cerebral cortex.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

b. The sensible water loss includes the water lost from the body via the skin and the respiratory system.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

d. Atrial natriuretic peptide promotes water retention in the kidneys and increases the amount of water in the body.

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Textbook Question

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

e. Dehydration is characterized by a decreased volume and increased osmolarity of the ECF.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following statements best describes the principle of mass balance?

a. The amount of a variable that is gained by the body through ingestion equals the amount that is lost from the body.

b. The body maintains a stable mass at all times.

c. The amount of each variable brought into the body must be balanced by all other variables.

d. The amount of a variable ingested is regulated by a positive feedback loop.

248

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Textbook Question

As a percentage of body weight, the total body water tends to be higher in ________ and lower in ________ .

a. infants; men

b. women; men

c. men; infants

d. infants; women

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Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.c. The main hormone that regulates fluid balance is antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Key Concepts

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

Fluid Balance

Homeostasis

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Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
c. The main hormone that regulates fluid balance is antidiuretic hormone (ADH).