Multiple Choice
Water-soluble hormones affect target cells by binding to which of the following?
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16. The Endocrine System
Membrane Bound Receptors and Secondary Messengers
Multiple Choice
You are studying how a hormone affects a cell and find that when oxytocin binds the receptor, the intracellular concentration increases. Based on this information, what could you logically conclude about this cell and hormone?
A
The cell uses adenylate cyclase as a second messenger.
B
Oxytocin directly interacts with the DNA of the cell.
C
The cell uses and DAG as secondary messengers.
D
Both A & B are correct.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of oxytocin: Oxytocin is a hormone that typically binds to receptors on the cell surface, initiating a signaling cascade inside the cell.
Identify the signaling pathway: When oxytocin binds to its receptor, it often activates a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) pathway, which can lead to the production of secondary messengers.
Consider the increase in intracellular Ca^2+ concentration: An increase in intracellular calcium is often associated with the activation of the inositol trisphosphate (IP3) pathway.
Link IP3 to calcium release: IP3 is a secondary messenger that binds to receptors on the endoplasmic reticulum, causing the release of Ca^2+ into the cytoplasm.
Conclude the signaling mechanism: Since the increase in Ca^2+ is observed, it is logical to conclude that the cell uses IP3 and diacylglycerol (DAG) as secondary messengers, which are part of the phospholipase C pathway activated by GPCRs.
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