Mr. Nasheed has cerebral palsy and suffers severe skeletal muscle spasms as a result of his condition. He is prescribed the drug dantrolene, which prevents the release of Ca²⁺ from the SR. Explain how this will treat his muscle spasms.

The function of the T tubules in muscle contraction is to:

a. Make and store glycogen

b. Release Ca²⁺ into the cell interior and then pick it up again

c. Transmit the action potential deep into the muscle cells

d. Form proteins

True or false: Most muscles contain a predominance of one skeletal muscle fiber type. Explain the reasoning behind your choice.

The primary action of the biceps brachii muscle of the anterior arm is to flex the forearm at the elbow. However, when this muscle is inflamed, pain is felt in the shoulder. Explain this finding.

Which of the following types of muscle fibers have low myosin ATPase activity and are classified as slow-twitch?

a. Type I fibers

b. Type IIa fibers

c. Type IIx fibers

d. Type III fibers

Michael had a nervous habit of chewing on the inner lining of his lip with his front teeth. The lip grew thicker and thicker from years of continual irritation. Michael's dentist noticed his greatly thickened lip, then told him to have it checked to see if the thickening was a tumor. A biopsy revealed hyperplasia, but no evidence of neoplasia. What do these terms mean? Did Michael have cancer of the mouth?

Why are the connective tissue wrappings of skeletal muscles important? Name these connective tissue coverings, beginning with the finest and ending with the coarsest.

a.

Why are the connective tissue wrappings of skeletal muscles important? Name these connective tissue coverings, beginning with the finest and ending with the coarsest.

b.

Compartment syndrome can result from all of the following except

(a) Compressing a nerve in the wrist

(b) Compartments swelling with blood due to an injury involving blood vessels

(c) Torn ligaments in a given compartment

(d) Pulled tendons in the muscles of a given compartment

(e) Torn muscles in a particular compartment