Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Introduction to Directional Terms

Anatomy & Physiology

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology

Introduction to Directional Terms

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2:16 minutes

Problem 16

Textbook Question

Jennifer fell off her motorcycle and tore a nerve in her axillary region. She also tore ligaments in her cervical and scapular regions and broke the only bone of her right brachial region. Explain where each of her injuries is located.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Identify the axillary region. The axillary region refers to the area of the armpit. Jennifer's torn nerve is located in this region, which is anatomically significant for the brachial plexus—a network of nerves that supplies the upper limb.

Step 2: Identify the cervical region. The cervical region refers to the neck area. Jennifer's torn ligaments in this region could involve structures such as the cervical vertebrae or supporting ligaments of the neck, which are crucial for head and neck movement and stability.

Step 3: Identify the scapular region. The scapular region refers to the area surrounding the scapula, or shoulder blade. Torn ligaments in this region could affect the stability of the shoulder joint, which is supported by ligaments such as the coracoclavicular and acromioclavicular ligaments.

Step 4: Identify the brachial region. The brachial region refers to the upper arm. The only bone in this region is the humerus, which Jennifer broke. The humerus is a long bone that connects the shoulder to the elbow and plays a key role in arm movement.

Step 5: Summarize the injuries. Jennifer's injuries are located in the axillary (armpit), cervical (neck), scapular (shoulder blade), and brachial (upper arm) regions. Each injury involves different anatomical structures, including nerves, ligaments, and bones, which are essential for movement and stability in the upper body.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Axillary Region

The axillary region, commonly known as the armpit, is the area located beneath the shoulder joint and above the upper arm. It contains important structures such as nerves, blood vessels, and lymph nodes. In Jennifer's case, the torn nerve in this region could affect the function and sensation of the shoulder and upper arm.

Cervical Region

The cervical region refers to the neck area, consisting of the first seven vertebrae (C1-C7) and surrounding soft tissues. This region supports the head and allows for its movement. Ligament injuries in this area can lead to pain and restricted motion, impacting overall neck function and stability.

Brachial Region

The brachial region pertains to the upper arm, specifically the area between the shoulder and the elbow. It includes the humerus bone and is crucial for arm movement. A fracture in this region, as experienced by Jennifer, can severely limit mobility and strength in the arm, affecting daily activities.

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Match each anatomical region shown in the image with the anatomical term that describes it.

_____2. Dorsal

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Match each anatomical region shown in the image with the anatomical term that describes it.

_____3. Gluteal

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Textbook Question

On what body surface is each of the following located: nose, calf of leg, ears, umbilicus, fingernails?

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Textbook Question

A nurse informed John that she was about to take blood from his antecubital region. What part of his body was she referring to? Later, she came back and said that she was going to give him an antibiotic shot in the deltoid region. Where on his body did he get the shot? Before John left the office, the nurse noticed that his left sural region was badly bruised. What part of his body was black and blue?

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Mr. Garcia is behaving abnormally, and doctors strongly suspect he has a brain tumor. Which medical imaging device—conventional X-ray, CT, PET, ultrasound, or fMRI—would be best for precisely locating a tumor within the brain? Explain your choice.

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Textbook Question

Which sectional plane could divide the body so that the face remains intact?

(a) Sagittal plane

(b) Frontal (coronal) plane

(d) Midsagittal plane

(e) Parasagittal plane

Textbook Question

Label the directional terms in the figures below.

a. ____

b. ____

c. ____