Textbook Question
If there is adequate carbohydrate intake, secretion of insulin results in:
a. Lower blood glucose levels
b. Increased cell utilization of glucose
c. Storage of glycogen
d. All of these
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16. The Endocrine System
Hormone Review Table
2:41 minutesProblem 2
Textbook Question
The anterior pituitary secretes all but:
a. Antidiuretic hormone
b. Growth hormone
c. Gonadotropins
d. TSH
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of the anterior pituitary gland. The anterior pituitary is a major endocrine gland responsible for secreting hormones that regulate various physiological processes, including growth, reproduction, and metabolism.
Step 2: Review the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary. These include growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), prolactin, and gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH] and luteinizing hormone [LH]).
Step 3: Identify the hormone listed in the options that is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, is secreted by the hypothalamus and stored/released by the posterior pituitary, not the anterior pituitary.
Step 4: Compare the options provided (a. antidiuretic hormone, b. growth hormone, c. gonadotropins, d. TSH) with the list of hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary to determine which one does not belong.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is the hormone that is secreted by the hypothalamus and posterior pituitary, rather than the anterior pituitary.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Anterior Pituitary Function
The anterior pituitary, or adenohypophysis, is responsible for producing and secreting several key hormones that regulate various bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction. It releases hormones such as growth hormone, gonadotropins (LH and FSH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which influence other endocrine glands.
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Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
Antidiuretic hormone, also known as vasopressin, is produced in the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary. It plays a crucial role in regulating water balance in the body by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, thus concentrating urine and reducing water loss. It is not secreted by the anterior pituitary.
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Hormonal Feedback Mechanisms
Hormonal feedback mechanisms are regulatory processes that maintain homeostasis in the body. They involve the interaction between hormones and their target organs, where the secretion of one hormone can stimulate or inhibit the release of another. This feedback loop is essential for understanding how the anterior pituitary interacts with other glands and hormones in the endocrine system.
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