Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Introduction to the Cell Cycle

Anatomy & Physiology

3. Energy & Cell Processes

Introduction to the Cell Cycle

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1:56 minutes

Problem 20

Textbook Question

Contrast cytokinesis, interphase, and mitosis.

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Understand the cell cycle: The cell cycle consists of interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Interphase is the preparatory phase, mitosis is the division of the nucleus, and cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm.

Define interphase: Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle, during which the cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares for division. It consists of three subphases: G1 (cell growth), S (DNA replication), and G2 (preparation for mitosis).

Explain mitosis: Mitosis is the process of nuclear division, where the replicated DNA is evenly distributed into two daughter nuclei. It consists of four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Each stage ensures the accurate segregation of chromosomes.

Describe cytokinesis: Cytokinesis is the final step of cell division, where the cytoplasm is divided to form two separate daughter cells. In animal cells, this occurs through the formation of a cleavage furrow, while in plant cells, a cell plate forms to separate the cells.

Contrast the processes: Interphase is a preparatory phase focused on growth and DNA replication, mitosis is the division of the nucleus ensuring genetic material is distributed, and cytokinesis is the physical division of the cell into two distinct daughter cells.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Cytokinesis

Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division, occurring after mitosis, where the cytoplasm of a parental cell is divided into two daughter cells. This process involves the formation of a cleavage furrow in animal cells or a cell plate in plant cells, ensuring that each daughter cell receives the necessary organelles and cytoplasmic components. It is crucial for the successful completion of cell division and the maintenance of proper cell function.

Interphase

Interphase is the longest phase of the cell cycle, during which the cell prepares for division. It consists of three sub-phases: G1 (cell growth), S (DNA synthesis), and G2 (preparation for mitosis). During interphase, the cell undergoes metabolic activities, duplicates its DNA, and synthesizes proteins necessary for mitosis, ensuring that the daughter cells will have the correct genetic material and resources.

Mitosis

Mitosis is the process of nuclear division that results in the formation of two genetically identical daughter nuclei from a single parent nucleus. It is divided into several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, each characterized by specific events such as chromosome alignment and separation. Mitosis is essential for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction in organisms, ensuring genetic continuity across generations.

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Related Practice

Multiple Choice

How many vertebrae typically fuse during development to form the coccyx?

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Textbook Question

The phase of mitosis during which centrioles reach the poles and chromosomes attach to the spindle is

a. Anaphase

b. Metaphase

c. Prophase

d. Telophase

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Textbook Question

Two examples of chemotherapeutic drugs (drugs used to treat cancer) and their cellular actions are listed below. Explain why each drug could be fatal to a cell. • Vincristine (brand name Oncovin): damages the mitotic spindle • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin): binds to DNA and blocks mRNA synthesis

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Textbook Question

Cell division typically yields two daughter cells, each with one nucleus. How is the occasional binucleate condition of liver cells explained?

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Textbook Question

The interphase of the cell life cycle is divided into

(a) Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase

(b) G₀, G₁, S, and G₂

(d) All of these

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Textbook Question

List, in sequence, the phases of the interphase stage of the cell life cycle, and briefly describe what happens in each.