Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter

Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter

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2:29 minutes

Problem 16

Textbook Question

Define molecule as it relates to molecular substances and compounds.

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A molecule is defined as the smallest unit of a chemical substance that retains its chemical properties and is composed of two or more atoms bonded together.

Molecules can consist of atoms of the same element (e.g., O₂ for oxygen gas) or different elements (e.g., H₂O for water).

Molecular substances are composed of molecules held together by covalent bonds, which involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Compounds are a specific type of molecule that consist of two or more different elements chemically combined in fixed proportions (e.g., CO₂ for carbon dioxide).

In summary, molecules are the building blocks of molecular substances and compounds, with compounds being a subset of molecules that include multiple types of elements.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Molecule

A molecule is the smallest unit of a chemical substance that retains its chemical properties. It consists of two or more atoms bonded together, which can be of the same or different elements. Molecules can exist independently and are the building blocks of molecular substances and compounds.

Molecular Substances

Molecular substances are composed of molecules formed by covalent bonds between atoms. These substances typically have low melting and boiling points and can exist in various states (solid, liquid, gas) at room temperature. Examples include water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2), which illustrate the diversity of molecular substances.

Compounds

Compounds are substances formed when two or more different elements chemically bond together in fixed proportions. They can be molecular, consisting of molecules, or ionic, consisting of ions. Compounds exhibit unique properties that differ from the individual elements that compose them, such as sodium chloride (NaCl), which is a compound formed from sodium and chlorine.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

Important functions of water include which of the following?

a. Provides cushioning

b. Acts as a transport medium

c. Participates in chemical reactions

d. Acts as a solvent for sugars, salts, and other solutes

e. Reduces temperature fluctuations

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Textbook Question

Which of the following is (are) true concerning the atomic nucleus?

a. It contains the mass of the atom.

b. The negatively charged subatomic particles are here.

c. Subatomic particles can be ejected.

d. It contains subatomic particles that determine atomic number.

e. It contains subatomic particles that interact with other atoms.

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Textbook Question

Pick out the correct match(es) of element and number of valence electrons. Draw a planetary model of each atom to help you choose the best answer.

a. Oxygen—6

b. Chlorine—8

c. Phosphorus—5

d. Nitrogen—3

e. Carbon—4

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Textbook Question

Define radioactivity. If an element has three isotopes, which of them (the lightest, the one with an intermediate mass, or the heaviest) is most likely to be a radioisotope, and why?

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Textbook Question

A substance containing atoms of different elements that are bonded together is called a(n)

(a) Molecule

(b) Compound

(d) Isotope

(e) Solution

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Textbook Question

An oxygen atom has eight protons.

(b) How many more electrons will it take to fill the outermost energy level?

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