Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements about the complement system is true?
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21. The Immune System
Review of the Complement System
Multiple Choice
Which of the following are most susceptible to complement lysis?
A
Gram-positive bacteria.
B
Gram-negative bacteria.
C
Bacteriophages.
D
Prions.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of the complement system: The complement system is a part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane.
Identify the structural differences between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer, whereas Gram-negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides.
Recognize how the complement system interacts with bacterial membranes: The complement system can form a membrane attack complex (MAC) that creates pores in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, leading to cell lysis.
Consider the susceptibility of different pathogens to complement lysis: Gram-negative bacteria are more susceptible to complement lysis due to their outer membrane structure, which is targeted by the MAC.
Evaluate the options given: Gram-positive bacteria, bacteriophages, and prions are less susceptible to complement lysis compared to Gram-negative bacteria, which are the most susceptible due to their outer membrane structure.
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