Question 1

Which structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Question 2

Why are the hyaline cartilage rings of the trachea 'C'-shaped rather than 'O'-shaped?

Accepted Answer

To allow the esophagus to expand during swallowing

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the function of goblet cells in the tracheal epithelium?

Accepted Answer

They produce mucus to trap dust and microbes.

Question 4

A patient inhales deeply, then exhales as much air as possible into a spirometer. Which lung capacity is being measured?

Accepted Answer

Vital capacity (VC)

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct sequence of airflow from the trachea to the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Trachea → Primary bronchi → Secondary bronchi → Tertiary bronchi → Bronchioles → Alveolar ducts → Alveoli

Question 6

Which muscle is primarily responsible for increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 7

The pleural cavity is best described as:

Accepted Answer

The space between the parietal and visceral pleura containing lubricating fluid

Question 8

Which structure is found at the point where the trachea divides into the left and right primary bronchi?

Accepted Answer

Carina

Question 9

A 25-year-old male who is 70 inches tall has a predicted vital capacity of approximately:

Accepted Answer

$$ 4960 \ 	ext{ml} $$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of cilia in the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium of the trachea?

Accepted Answer

They move mucus and trapped particles upward toward the pharynx.

Question 11

Which lobe is NOT present in the left lung?

Accepted Answer

Middle lobe

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct order of the pharyngeal regions from superior to inferior?

Accepted Answer

Nasopharynx → Oropharynx → Laryngopharynx

Question 13

Which structure is the entry and exit point for bronchi, blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves in the lung?

Accepted Answer

Hilum

Question 14

Which of the following best defines pulmonary ventilation?

Accepted Answer

The movement of air into and out of the lungs

Question 15

What is the function of the cardiac notch in the left lung?

Accepted Answer

It accommodates the heart's position in the thoracic cavity.

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct flow of air through the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

External nares → Nasal cavity → Meatuses → Pharynx

Question 17

Which type of epithelium lines the trachea?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Question 18

A 45-year-old female who is 64 inches tall has a predicted vital capacity of approximately:

Accepted Answer

$$ 2950 \ 	ext{ml} $$

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the microscopic airway structures leading to alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Terminal bronchioles → Respiratory bronchioles → Alveolar ducts → Alveoli

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the hard palate?

Accepted Answer

It forms the floor of the nasal cavity and separates it from the oral cavity.

Anatomy & Physiology II: The Respiratory System – Lab Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions