Q: Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit ($$Hct) $$from a centrifuged blood sample?

$$Hct = \frac{\text{Volume of erythrocytes}}{\text{Total blood volume}} \times 100$$

Question 1

A blood sample is withdrawn and centrifuged as shown in the first image. Which of the following correctly identifies the composition of the layers from top to bottom in the final tube?

Accepted Answer

Plasma, buffy coat, erythrocytes

Question 2

Which cell type, shown in the third image, is responsible for transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocyte

Question 3

A patient presents with a high number of cells like those shown in image (a) of the leukocyte series. What is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial infection

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the function of the cell type shown in image (b) of the leukocyte series?

Accepted Answer

Turn off allergic responses and kill parasites

Question 5

A patient with petechiae and prolonged nosebleeds is found to have a low platelet count but normal WBC count. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Thrombocytopenia

Question 6

Which of the following is a function of the cell type shown in image (d) of the leukocyte series?

Accepted Answer

Mount immune response by direct cell attack or via antibodies

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the structure of erythrocytes as shown in the third image?

Accepted Answer

Biconcave, anucleate cells

Question 8

Which cell type is most abundant in a normal differential white blood cell count?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 9

A patient with a parasitic infection is likely to have an increased number of which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophils

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of platelets as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

Seal small tears in blood vessels and initiate blood clotting

Question 11

Which cell type, shown in image (e) of the leukocyte series, is responsible for phagocytosis and developing into macrophages in tissues?

Accepted Answer

Monocyte

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the location and function of red bone marrow as shown in the last image?

Accepted Answer

Located in spongy bone; produces blood cells

Question 13

A patient with a viral infection is most likely to have an increased number of which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Lymphocytes

Question 14

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit ($$Hct) $$from a centrifuged blood sample?

Accepted Answer

$$Hct = \frac{	ext{Volume of erythrocytes}}{	ext{Total blood volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why erythrocytes lack a nucleus?

Accepted Answer

To maximize space for hemoglobin and gas transport

Question 16

A patient with a low hematocrit is most likely suffering from which condition?

Accepted Answer

Anemia

Question 17

Which of the following is a clinical consequence of thrombocytopenia?

Accepted Answer

Increased bleeding and bruising

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of basophils?

Accepted Answer

Release histamine and promote inflammation

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the difference between granulocytes and agranulocytes?

Accepted Answer

Granulocytes contain visible cytoplasmic granules; agranulocytes do not

Question 20

A patient with a bacterial infection is most likely to have an increased number of which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Blood: Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

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