Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of hormones

Question 2

A patient with a genetic defect in osteoclast function is most likely to develop which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Osteopetrosis

Question 3

Which bone type is correctly matched with its example?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone – Sternum

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the composition of the inorganic matrix of bone?

Accepted Answer

It consists mostly of hydroxyapatite crystals containing calcium and phosphate

Question 5

A child with a vitamin D deficiency is most likely to develop which of the following bone conditions?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 6

Which hormone is primarily responsible for increasing blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 7

During endochondral ossification, what is the first step that occurs?

Accepted Answer

Chondroblasts in the perichondrium differentiate into osteoblasts

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why bones become brittle in osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

There is inadequate inorganic matrix

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the chemical formula for hydroxyapatite, the main mineral in bone?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_{10}(PO_4$)_6(OH)_2$$

Question 10

A 16-year-old male presents with excessive height and large hands and feet. Laboratory tests reveal elevated growth hormone. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Gigantism

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of osteocalcin in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

It binds to calcium ions and hydroxyapatite crystals to organize the inorganic matrix

Question 12

Which of the following best describes appositional growth of bone?

Accepted Answer

Growth in width by osteoblasts adding new bone to the surface

Question 13

A patient with a comminuted fracture will most likely have which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A bone that is shattered into multiple fragments

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → Soft callus formation → Bone callus formation → Bone remodeling

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why weight-bearing exercise is recommended to prevent osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

It stimulates bone deposition by osteoblasts

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the role of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They connect lacunae and allow for communication between osteocytes

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the epiphyseal plate?

Accepted Answer

It is composed of hyaline cartilage and is the site of longitudinal bone growth

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the effect of estrogen on bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

It depresses osteoclast activity and promotes bone deposition

Question 19

A patient with achondroplasia is most likely to have which of the following characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Shortened limbs with a normal trunk

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the process of bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts secrete hydrogen ions and enzymes to break down bone matrix

Bones and Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, and Physiology

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards