Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

It isolates the brain from harmful substances by using highly selective carriers and tight junctions.

Question 2

Which area of the brain lacks a blood-brain barrier, making it more susceptible to circulating substances?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Question 3

A patient presents with sleep apnea. Which physiological function is most directly affected by this disorder?

Accepted Answer

Sleep, defined as an easily reversible state of inactivity characterized by lack of interaction with the external environment

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a possible explanation for why sleep is necessary?

Accepted Answer

To increase CNS alertness

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of the sensory system in influencing motor system output?

Accepted Answer

It monitors internal and external environments and initiates reflex responses.

Question 6

A person is able to recall facts and events consciously. Which type of memory is being used?

Accepted Answer

Declarative memory

Question 7

Which of the following statements about working memory is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is processed in the frontal cortex and keeps track of information long enough to use it in a task.

Question 8

Which process is responsible for converting short-term memory into long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

Consolidation

Question 9

A patient with Alzheimer’s disease is most likely to experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Progressive neurodegenerative disease of cognitive impairment

Question 10

Which of the following best describes associative learning?

Accepted Answer

Two stimuli are associated with each other

Question 11

Which equation best represents the limited storage capacity of short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

$$7 \leq n \leq 12$$

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of non-associative learning?

Accepted Answer

Decreased response to repeated irrelevant stimuli (habituation)

Question 13

A person continues to eat even after reaching satiety. Which concept does this behavior challenge?

Accepted Answer

Satiety

Question 14

Mood disturbances are most closely associated with which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Abnormal neurotransmitter release or reception in different parts of the brain

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of reflexive (implicit) memory?

Accepted Answer

It is acquired slowly through repetition and does not require conscious processes for creation or recall.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the behavioral system’s influence on motor system output?

Accepted Answer

It governs sleep/wake and other intrinsic behaviors.

Question 17

A person is exposed to a loud noise repeatedly and eventually stops reacting to it. Which learning process is this?

Accepted Answer

Habituation

Question 18

Which of the following is a plausible reason why motivated behaviors may continue even after satiety is reached?

Accepted Answer

Mood disturbances affecting CNS function

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the relationship between learning and memory?

Accepted Answer

Learning is the acquisition of knowledge, and memory is the ability to retain and recall information.

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding the three major types of motor system output?

Accepted Answer

They include skeletal muscle movement, neuroendocrine signals, and visceral responses.

Central Nervous System: Functions, Sleep, Emotion, and Memory

Study Guide - Practice Questions