Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the extracellular matrix (ECM) of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They attract positively charged ions, drawing water into the ECM and helping it resist compression.

Question 2

A patient suffers a deep cut to the skin. Which tissue type is most likely to heal primarily by fibrosis, resulting in scar tissue formation?

Accepted Answer

Dense irregular connective tissue

Question 3

Which of the following cell junctions is most important for preventing the passage of macromolecules between adjacent epithelial cells in the lining of the intestines?

Accepted Answer

Tight (occluding) junctions

Question 4

A biopsy of a gland reveals that it releases its product by exocytosis without damaging the secretory cells. Which type of gland is this most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine gland

Question 5

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular and often heals by fibrosis rather than regeneration.

Question 6

Which of the following is a key difference between simple and stratified epithelia?

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelia consist of a single cell layer and are specialized for diffusion and transport, while stratified epithelia have multiple layers and are specialized for protection.

Question 7

A tissue sample from the trachea shows a single layer of cells with nuclei at varying heights, cilia, and mucus-secreting cells. What is the most likely classification of this epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the role of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

They form a supportive meshwork that traps foreign cells and supports the structure of organs.

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why vitamin C deficiency impairs wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C is required for the synthesis of collagen by fibroblasts.

Question 10

Which of the following is a function of neuroglial cells in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Anchoring neurons and blood vessels, and speeding up nerve impulse transmission

Question 11

A patient with a genetic defect in collagen synthesis would most likely experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Weakness in tissues that resist tension, such as tendons and ligaments

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands release their products through ducts to local surfaces, while endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why cardiac muscle tissue heals primarily by fibrosis rather than regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are amitotic and cannot divide to replace damaged tissue.

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of brown adipose tissue that distinguishes it from white adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

Brown adipose tissue contains multiple lipid inclusions and abundant mitochondria for heat production.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the structure and function of serous membranes?

Accepted Answer

They consist of simple squamous epithelium (mesothelium), a basement membrane, and loose connective tissue, and secrete serous fluid to lubricate organs.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains the process of transcellular transport across a simple epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Substances enter the cell through the phospholipid bilayer, diffuse through the cytosol, and exit through the opposite surface.

Question 17

Which of the following connective tissue types is specialized for resisting tension in one direction and is found in tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular collagenous connective tissue

Question 18

A patient with a deficiency in blood supply to a wound is most likely to experience which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Delayed wound healing, even in tissues capable of regeneration

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the main function of mast cells in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Releasing inflammatory mediators such as histamine during immune responses

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why neurons in the central nervous system do not regenerate after injury?

Accepted Answer

Neurons are amitotic and lack the ability to divide.

Chapter 4: Histology – The Study of Tissues

Study Guide - Practice Questions

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