Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

To transmit electrical and chemical signals for rapid communication, integration, and response to stimuli

Question 2

A patient suffers a spinal cord injury that disrupts communication between the brain and the rest of the body. Which division of the nervous system is most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral nervous system

Question 3

Which structural component of a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals?

Accepted Answer

Dendrite

Question 4

A neuron with a single axon and multiple dendrites is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Multipolar

Question 5

Which type of neuroglia forms the myelin sheath in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 6

The myelin sheath increases the speed of nerve impulse conduction by:

Accepted Answer

Insulating the axon and enabling saltatory conduction

Question 7

Which of the following best differentiates a nucleus from a ganglion?

Accepted Answer

A nucleus is a cluster of neuron cell bodies in the central nervous system, while a ganglion is in the peripheral nervous system.

Question 8

Which type of membrane ion channel opens in response to a change in membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated channel

Question 9

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is primarily established by:

Accepted Answer

The selective permeability of the membrane and the activity of the sodium-potassium pump

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a graded potential?

Accepted Answer

Postsynaptic potential at a dendrite

Question 11

Which statement best distinguishes graded potentials from action potentials?

Accepted Answer

Graded potentials decrease in strength with distance, while action potentials are propagated without decrement.

Question 12

During the generation of an action potential, which event occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Voltage-gated sodium channels open and sodium enters the cell

Question 13

A neuron cannot fire another action potential no matter how strong the stimulus during which period?

Accepted Answer

Absolute refractory period

Question 14

Saltatory conduction occurs in myelinated axons and is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Action potentials jumping from one node of Ranvier to the next

Question 15

A patient with multiple sclerosis experiences loss of myelin in the CNS. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

Impaired saltatory conduction and slower nerve impulse transmission

Question 16

If the membrane potential changes from $$-70\ 	ext{mV} to$$ $$-55\ 	ext{mV}$$, what is most likely happening?

Accepted Answer

The neuron is depolarizing toward threshold

Question 17

Which equation best represents the electrochemical basis of the resting membrane potential?

Accepted Answer

$$E_{m} = \frac{RT}{F} \ln \left( \frac{[K^+]_{out}}{[K^+]_{in}} \right) $$

Question 18

A nerve is to the peripheral nervous system as a tract is to the:

Accepted Answer

Central nervous system

Question 19

Which scenario best illustrates the function of microglia in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosing pathogens and debris in the CNS

Question 20

A neuron receives multiple excitatory and inhibitory inputs. Which process determines whether an action potential will be generated?

Accepted Answer

Summation of graded potentials at the axon hillock

Guided Study for Nervous System and Tissue (CH 11) – ANP College Course

Study Guide - Practice Questions

Study Guide - Flashcards