Question 1

Which structure in a synovial joint is responsible for reducing friction between articulating bones and is lined with synovial membrane?

Accepted Answer

Bursa

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the shaft of their femur. Which part of the long bone is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 3

Which type of joint allows for the greatest range of motion and is found in the shoulder and hip?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, what is the correct sequence of events?

Accepted Answer

Formation of bone collar → Cavitation of cartilage → Invasion by periosteal bud → Formation of medullary cavity → Ossification of epiphyses

Question 5

Which movement is demonstrated when the sole of the foot turns medially?

Accepted Answer

Inversion

Question 6

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 7

A child presents with bowed legs and delayed growth. Laboratory tests reveal low vitamin D. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of Sharpey's fibers?

Accepted Answer

They connect the periosteum to underlying bone.

Question 9

Which type of synovial joint is found between the radius and ulna, allowing for pronation and supination?

Accepted Answer

Pivot joint

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

Accepted Answer

Hormone production

Question 11

Which movement is a combination of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction, resulting in a circular motion?

Accepted Answer

Circumduction

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding the epiphyseal plate during bone growth?

Accepted Answer

It allows for longitudinal growth of long bones.

Question 13

A patient with osteoporosis is at greatest risk for which type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

Compression fracture

Question 14

Which of the following best describes Wolff’s law?

Accepted Answer

Bone grows or remodels in response to the forces or demands placed upon it.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct pairing of bone marking and its function?

Accepted Answer

Condyle – rounded articular projection

Question 16

Which of the following is the main inorganic component of bone responsible for its hardness?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the process of bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts break down bone matrix, releasing calcium into the blood.

Question 18

Which of the following movements is unique to the thumb and allows humans to grasp objects?

Accepted Answer

Opposition

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of a greenstick fracture?

Accepted Answer

Incomplete fracture where one side of the bone breaks and the other side bends; common in children

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It is a double-layered membrane covering the outer surface of bone.

Joints and Bone Development: Structure, Function, and Regulation

Study Guide - Practice Questions