$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + \text{energy}$$

$$\text{BMR} = 66 + (13.7 \times \text{weight in kg}) + (5 \times \text{height in cm}) - (6.8 \times \text{age in years})$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anabolism and catabolism in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Anabolism builds complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy; catabolism breaks down complex molecules into simpler ones, releasing energy.

Question 2

During glycolysis, which of the following is the net ATP yield per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 ATP

Question 3

Which equation correctly represents the overall catabolism of glucose during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C_6H_{12}O_6$} + 6\mathrm{O_2$} ightarrow 6\mathrm{CO_2$} + 6\mathrm{H_2O} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 4

Which process is responsible for the conversion of glucose to glycogen in the liver?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenesis

Question 5

A patient with phenylketonuria (PKU) is unable to metabolize phenylalanine due to a deficiency in which enzyme?

Accepted Answer

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the electron transport system (ETS) is correct?

Accepted Answer

The ETS occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane and produces ATP and water.

Question 7

Which vitamin is fat-soluble and plays a key role in vision and immune function?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Question 8

During the absorptive state, which hormone is primarily responsible for promoting glucose uptake and storage?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 9

Which mechanism of heat transfer involves direct contact between two objects?

Accepted Answer

Conduction

Question 10

A person with kwashiorkor is most likely suffering from which nutritional deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Protein deficiency

Question 11

Which step in cellular respiration produces the most ATP per glucose molecule?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport system

Question 12

Beta oxidation is a process involved in which type of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Lipid metabolism

Question 13

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for collagen synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 14

Which equation best represents the calculation of basal metabolic rate (BMR) for an adult male using the Harris-Benedict equation?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{BMR} = 66 + (13.7 	imes 	ext{weight in kg}) + (5 	imes 	ext{height in cm}) - (6.8 	imes 	ext{age in years})$$

Question 15

Which metabolic disorder is characterized by excessive ketone body production leading to a dangerous drop in blood pH?

Accepted Answer

Ketoacidosis

Question 16

Which of the following best describes gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

The synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate precursors

Question 17

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Pancreatic amylase

Question 18

Which hormone increases during the postabsorptive state to stimulate glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Question 19

Which of the following is a primary function of the nutrient pool in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

To provide substrates for both anabolic and catabolic reactions

Question 20

A patient presents with gouty arthritis. Which metabolic waste product is most likely elevated in their blood?

Accepted Answer

Uric acid

Metabolism and Energetics: Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions