Question 1

Which muscle is primarily responsible for compressing the cheek, such as when blowing air or holding food between the teeth?

Accepted Answer

Buccinator

Question 2

A patient presents with difficulty closing their eyelids. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Orbicularis oculi

Question 3

During inhalation, which muscle is the primary mover for increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity?

Accepted Answer

Diaphragm

Question 4

Which muscle group is responsible for extension and lateral flexion of the vertebral column?

Accepted Answer

Erector spinae group

Question 5

A baseball pitcher injures the muscle that abducts and rotates the humerus laterally. Which rotator cuff muscle is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Supraspinatus

Question 6

Which muscle originates from the coracoid process of the scapula and inserts onto the humerus, acting to flex and adduct the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Coracobrachialis

Question 7

If a patient cannot flex their elbow, which muscle is most likely NOT functioning properly?

Accepted Answer

Brachialis

Question 8

Which muscle is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle, and inserts onto the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon?

Accepted Answer

Gastrocnemius

Question 9

A patient is unable to abduct their thigh at the hip. Which muscle is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus medius

Question 10

Which muscle is involved in flexion at the hip and extension at the knee, and is part of the quadriceps group?

Accepted Answer

Rectus femoris

Question 11

A patient presents with difficulty pronating their forearm and hand. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Pronator teres

Question 12

Which muscle is responsible for flexion and adduction at the wrist, and originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus?

Accepted Answer

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 13

Which muscle is responsible for extension at the elbow and adduction at the shoulder?

Accepted Answer

Triceps brachii

Question 14

A patient has trouble elevating their scapula and extending their neck. Which muscle is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius (upper)

Question 15

Which muscle is responsible for compressing the abdominal wall and is also involved in trunk rotation and lateral flexion of the lumbar vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

External oblique

Question 16

Which muscle originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and inserts onto the radial tuberosity, acting to flex the elbow and shoulder?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii (long head)

Question 17

A patient is unable to extend their knee. Which muscle group is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Quadriceps group

Question 18

Which muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion of the foot at the ankle?

Accepted Answer

Tibialis anterior

Question 19

A patient presents with difficulty retracting their scapula towards the midline. Which muscle is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Trapezius (middle)

Question 20

Which muscle is responsible for flexion of the vertebral column and hip, and is part of the iliopsoas group?

Accepted Answer

Psoas major

Muscle Groups and Actions: Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

Study Guide - Practice Questions