Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Support, protection, movement, mineral storage, and blood cell production

Question 2

Which bone cell type is responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 3

A patient presents with a fracture in the diaphysis of the femur. Which part of the bone is affected?

Accepted Answer

The shaft of the bone

Question 4

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between calcium homeostasis and parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca^{2+}$$_{blood} \downarrow \implies PTH \uparrow$$

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic of compact bone but NOT spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Contains osteons (Haversian systems)

Question 6

A 70-year-old woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following best explains her increased risk of bone fractures?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass and density

Question 7

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating osteoclast activity during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 8

Which of the following best describes endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone replaces a cartilage model

Question 9

A child with vitamin D deficiency is likely to develop which condition?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in bone fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → Fibrocartilaginous callus formation → Bony callus formation → Bone remodeling

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why elderly individuals are more prone to bone fractures?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mineral density

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of red bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Production of blood cells

Question 13

Which of the following bones is classified as an irregular bone?

Accepted Answer

Vertebra

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

A dense connective tissue covering the outer surface of bone

Question 15

Which of the following equations best represents the process of bone mineralization?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca^{2+}$$ + $$PO_4$$^{3-} \rightarrow $$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2$

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a component of the axial skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Pelvic girdle

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of calcitonin in calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits osteoclast activity to decrease blood calcium

Question 18

A patient with a pituitary tumor has excess growth hormone after epiphyseal plate closure. What condition is most likely to develop?

Accepted Answer

Acromegaly

Question 19

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Presence of trabeculae

Question 20

Which of the following best explains the effect of weight-bearing exercise on bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Stimulates osteoblast activity and increases bone mass

Skeletal System: Structure, Function, and Bone Tissue

Study Guide - Practice Questions