Textbook Question
The outer part of the adrenal gland is the______, which secretes______. The inner part of the adrenal gland is the_____, which secretes ______.
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Ch. 16 The Endocrine System
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 16, Problem 13
Which of the following is not an effect of aldosterone?
a. Increased excretion of hydrogen ions from the fluid in the kidneys
b. Increased retention of sodium ions from the fluid in the kidneys
c. Increased retention of potassium ions from the fluid in the kidneys
d. Increased retention of water from the fluid in the kidneys
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of aldosterone: Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that primarily regulates sodium and potassium balance in the body. It acts on the kidneys to increase sodium retention and potassium excretion, which indirectly leads to water retention due to osmotic effects.
Analyze each option: Review the physiological effects of aldosterone and compare them to the options provided. For example, aldosterone increases sodium retention (option b) and water retention (option d), but it promotes potassium excretion rather than retention (option c).
Consider hydrogen ion excretion: Aldosterone also plays a role in acid-base balance by increasing hydrogen ion excretion in the kidneys, which aligns with option a.
Eliminate incorrect options: Based on the known effects of aldosterone, identify which options accurately describe its actions and which do not. Specifically, focus on whether aldosterone increases retention or excretion of potassium ions.
Select the correct answer: Determine which option does not align with the physiological effects of aldosterone, ensuring your reasoning is based on its role in sodium, potassium, water, and hydrogen ion regulation.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Aldosterone Function
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands that plays a crucial role in regulating sodium and potassium levels in the body. It promotes sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, which leads to water retention, and facilitates the excretion of potassium. Understanding its primary functions is essential for analyzing its effects on electrolyte balance.
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Functional Groups
Electrolyte Balance
Electrolyte balance refers to the proper levels of ions such as sodium, potassium, and hydrogen in the body, which are vital for various physiological processes. Aldosterone directly influences this balance by promoting sodium retention and potassium excretion, impacting blood pressure and fluid balance. Recognizing how these electrolytes interact is key to understanding the effects of aldosterone.
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07:59Osmosis and Osmolarity
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. When blood pressure drops, renin is released, leading to the production of angiotensin II, which stimulates aldosterone secretion. This system's understanding is crucial for grasping how aldosterone functions within the broader context of cardiovascular and renal physiology.
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11:30Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Cortisol is:
a. A potent inhibitor of the inflammatory response.
b. An important part of the stress response.
c. Both a and b are correct.
d. Neither a nor b is correct.
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Textbook Question
Describe the components of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis, and explain how it regulates secretion from the adrenal gland.
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Textbook Question
Which of the following statements correctly describes the role of parathyroid hormone?
a. Parathyroid hormone regulates the metabolic rate.
b. Parathyroid hormone increases the blood calcium ion concentration.
c. Parathyroid hormone decreases the blood sodium ion concentration.
d. Parathyroid hormone causes water retention by the kidneys.
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Textbook Question
The hormone that directly stimulates the hunger center is:
a. Ghrelin
b. Cholecystokinin
c. Insulin
d. Leptin
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Textbook Question
A rise in free T3 and T4 would be expected to produce a(n) ______ in TRH and TSH secretion. A decrease in free T3 and T4 would be expected to produce a(n) _____ a(n)_____in TRH and TSH secretion.
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