Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
d. Hypocalcemia causes neurons to become hyperexcitable, leading to potential tetanic contractions.
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Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis
Amerman2nd EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780136873822
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology26
- Ch. 2 The Chemistry of Life38
- Ch. 3 The Cell55
- Ch. 4 Histology47
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System30
- Ch. 6 Bones and Bone Tissue36
- Ch. 7 The Skeletal System40
- Ch. 8 Articulations19
- Ch. 9 The Muscular System36
- Ch. 10 Muscle Tissue and Physiology29
- Ch. 11 Introduction to the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue28
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System42
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System41
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System and Homeostasis31
- Ch. 15 The Special Senses39
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System42
- Ch. 17 The Cardiovascular System I: The Heart30
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System II: The Blood Vessels43
- Ch. 19 Blood32
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Immunity45
- Ch. 21 The Respiratory System27
- Ch. 22 The Digestive System27
- Ch. 23 Metabolism and Nutrition7
- Ch. 24 The Urinary System39
- Ch. 25 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Homeostasis39
- Ch. 26 The Reproductive System10
- Ch. 27 Development and Heredity5
Chapter 25, Problem 10b
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
b. Insulin, aldosterone, and epinephrine stimulate the uptake of potassium ions into cells.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of each hormone mentioned in the statement. Insulin, aldosterone, and epinephrine are hormones that influence various physiological processes, including ion regulation.
Step 2: Recall the specific function of insulin. Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells and also facilitates the uptake of potassium ions (K⁺) into cells by stimulating the activity of the sodium-potassium pump.
Step 3: Examine the role of aldosterone. Aldosterone primarily regulates sodium (Na⁺) and potassium (K⁺) balance by acting on the kidneys, promoting sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion. It does not directly stimulate the uptake of potassium into cells.
Step 4: Analyze the role of epinephrine. Epinephrine can stimulate the uptake of potassium ions into cells by activating beta-adrenergic receptors, which enhance the activity of the sodium-potassium pump.
Step 5: Based on the above analysis, determine the accuracy of the statement. If the statement is false, correct it by specifying that aldosterone does not stimulate the uptake of potassium ions into cells but instead promotes potassium excretion in the kidneys.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Insulin and Potassium Regulation
Insulin plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels, but it also facilitates the uptake of potassium ions into cells. This occurs because insulin stimulates the Na+/K+ ATPase pump, which moves potassium into cells while transporting sodium out, thus lowering serum potassium levels.
Recommended video:
03:40
The Sodium Potassium Pump
Aldosterone and Electrolyte Balance
Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that regulates sodium and potassium levels in the body. It promotes sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion in the kidneys, leading to increased potassium levels in the blood. Therefore, while it affects potassium levels, it does not stimulate its uptake into cells.
Recommended video:
11:30Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System
Epinephrine's Role in Metabolism
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a hormone that prepares the body for 'fight or flight' responses. It primarily increases blood glucose levels and can influence potassium levels by promoting the release of potassium from cells into the bloodstream, rather than stimulating its uptake.
Recommended video:
02:17Introduction to Metabolism
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
a. Potassium ions are responsible for the repolarization phase of the action potential.
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Textbook Question
Which of the following effects tend to be caused by hypernatremia?
a. Inhibition of ADH secretion
b. Cellular crenation
c. Cellular swelling
d. Increased urine production
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
c. Hyperkalemia tends to decrease the resting membrane potential and hyperpolarize excitable cells.
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Textbook Question
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
e. Chloride ions are generally reabsorbed from the kidneys, along with bicarbonate ions.
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Textbook Question
List the effects of each of the following hormones on electrolyte balance. Note that some hormones affect more than one electrolyte.
a. Angiotensin-II
b. Aldosterone
c. Parathyroid hormone
d. Vitamin D
e. Atrial natriuretic peptide
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