Textbook Question
Assume you have a 10-lb weight in your right hand. Explain why it is easier to flex the right elbow when your forearm is supinated than when it is pronated.
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Ch. 10 The Muscular System
Marieb, Hoehn7th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780805359091
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 The Human Body: An Orientation24
- Ch. 2 Chemistry Comes Alive25
- Ch. 3 Cells: The Living Units24
- Ch. 4 Tissue: The Living Fabric19
- Ch. 5 The Integumentary System10
- Ch. 6 Bones and Skeletal Tissues19
- Ch. 7 The Skeleton11
- Ch. 8 Joints7
- Ch. 9 Muscles and Muscle Tissue26
- Ch. 10 The Muscular System26
- Ch. 11 Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue23
- Ch. 12 The Central Nervous System26
- Ch. 13 The Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity28
- Ch. 14 The Autonomic Nervous System18
- Ch. 16 The Endocrine System26
- Ch. 17 Blood27
- Ch. 18 The Cardiovascular System: The Heart22
- Ch. 19 The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels27
- Ch. 20 The Lymphatic System and Lymphoid Organs and Tissues16
- Ch. 21 The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Body Defenses29
- Ch. 22 The Respiratory System20
- Ch. 23 The Digestive System30
- Ch. 24 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Energy Balance26
- Ch. 25 The Urinary System25
- Ch. 26 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance24
- Ch. 27 The Reproductive System23
Marieb, Hoehn7th EditionHuman Anatomy & PhysiologyISBN: 9780805359091Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 10, Problem 21b
Name two muscles in each of the following compartments or regions:
f. Third muscle layer of the foot
g. Posterior compartment of leg
h. Medial compartment of thigh
i. Posterior compartment of thigh
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the anatomical regions mentioned in the problem. The third muscle layer of the foot refers to the intrinsic muscles located deeper within the foot. The posterior compartment of the leg contains muscles primarily responsible for plantar flexion and toe flexion. The medial compartment of the thigh includes muscles involved in adduction of the thigh. The posterior compartment of the thigh contains muscles responsible for hip extension and knee flexion.
Step 2: Identify two muscles in the third muscle layer of the foot. These muscles are intrinsic and include the flexor hallucis brevis and adductor hallucis. The flexor hallucis brevis assists in flexing the big toe, while the adductor hallucis helps in adducting the big toe.
Step 3: Identify two muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg. These muscles include the gastrocnemius and soleus. Both are involved in plantar flexion of the foot, with the gastrocnemius also contributing to knee flexion.
Step 4: Identify two muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh. These muscles include the adductor longus and adductor magnus. Both are responsible for adducting the thigh and stabilizing the pelvis during movement.
Step 5: Identify two muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh. These muscles include the biceps femoris and semitendinosus. Both are part of the hamstring group and are involved in hip extension and knee flexion.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Muscle Compartments
Muscle compartments are anatomical spaces in the body that contain groups of muscles with similar functions, innervation, and blood supply. Each compartment is surrounded by fascia, which helps to compartmentalize the muscles and can affect the spread of infections or injuries. Understanding these compartments is crucial for identifying specific muscles and their roles in movement.
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2:00
Introduction to Muscles and Muscle Tissue Example 1
Muscles of the Foot
The foot has several layers of muscles, with the third layer primarily consisting of the adductor hallucis and the flexor hallucis brevis. These muscles are essential for the movement and stability of the toes, contributing to balance and propulsion during walking. Recognizing these muscles helps in understanding foot mechanics and pathology.
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02:09The Foot
Muscles of the Thigh and Leg
The thigh and leg are divided into compartments, each containing specific muscle groups. The medial compartment of the thigh includes muscles like the adductor longus and gracilis, while the posterior compartment of the thigh features the hamstrings, such as the biceps femoris. Knowledge of these muscles is vital for comprehending their functions in locomotion and their roles in various physical activities.
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4:40Bones of the Thigh and Leg
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Differentiate between the arrangement of elements (load, fulcrum, and effort) in first-, second-, and third-class levers.
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Textbook Question
Name two muscles in each of the following compartments or regions:
a. thenar eminence (ball of thumb)
b. posterior compartment of forearm
c. anterior compartment of forearm—deep muscle group
d. anterior muscle group in the arm
e. muscles of mastication
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Textbook Question
a. Name the four muscle pairs that act in unison to compress the abdominal contents.
b. How does their arrangement (fiber direction) contribute to the strength of the abdominal wall?
c. Which of these muscles can effect lateral rotation of the spine?
d. Which can act alone to flex the spine?
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Textbook Question
As Kendra's coach watched her sail over the high jump bar, he contracted his right orbicularis oculi muscle, raised his arm, and contracted his opponens pollicis. Was he pleased or displeased with her performance? How do you know?
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Textbook Question
When Mrs. O'Brien returned to her doctor for a follow-up visit after childbirth, she complained that she was incontinent (having problems controlling her urine flow) when she sneezed. The physician asked his nurse to give Mrs. O'Brien instructions on how to perform exercises to strengthen the muscles of the pelvic floor. To which muscles was he referring?
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