Multiple Choice
In the context of nucleic acids and cellular energy, which set correctly lists the three structural components of an ATP molecule?
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1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Nucleic Acids
Multiple Choice
In nucleic acid metabolism and energy transfer, how is ADP different from ATP?
A
ADP is a polymer of nucleotides, whereas ATP is a single nucleotide.
B
ADP has two phosphate groups, whereas ATP has three phosphate groups.
C
ADP contains deoxyribose, whereas ATP contains ribose.
D
ADP contains the base guanine, whereas ATP contains the base adenine.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a nitrogenous base, a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose), and phosphate groups.
Step 2: Recognize that both ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) share the same nitrogenous base (adenine) and sugar (ribose).
Step 3: Identify the key difference lies in the number of phosphate groups attached: ADP has two phosphate groups, while ATP has three phosphate groups.
Step 4: Recall that the energy transfer capability of ATP is largely due to the high-energy bonds between its three phosphate groups, which is why the extra phosphate in ATP is significant compared to ADP.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct distinction between ADP and ATP is based on the number of phosphate groups, not the base, sugar type, or polymerization state.
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