Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

1. Introduction to Biochemistry

Central Dogma

Biochemistry

1. Introduction to Biochemistry

Central Dogma

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following determines the amino acid sequence of a protein?

The structure of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

The arrangement of phospholipids in the cell membrane

The folding pattern of the protein's tertiary structure

The sequence of nucleotides in messenger RNA (mRNA)

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand that proteins are synthesized through a process called translation, which occurs in the ribosome. Translation uses messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template to determine the amino acid sequence of a protein.

Recall that mRNA is transcribed from DNA during transcription. The sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is complementary to the DNA template strand and contains codons, which are groups of three nucleotides.

Each codon in the mRNA corresponds to a specific amino acid, as defined by the genetic code. For example, the codon

AUG

codes for methionine, which is often the start codon for protein synthesis.

During translation, transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome. Each tRNA has an anticodon that pairs with the complementary codon on the mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.

Thus, the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA directly determines the amino acid sequence of the protein, as it provides the instructions for assembling the protein in the correct order.