Multiple Choice
Which functional groups of two amino acids (aa1 and aa2) are directly involved in the formation of a peptide bond between aa1–aa2?
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4. Protein Structure
Peptide Bond
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What type of covalent bond is formed when amino acids condense to form proteins?
A
Disulfide bond
B
Glycosidic bond
C
Phosphodiester bond
D
Peptide bond
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context: Proteins are formed by the polymerization of amino acids through a specific type of covalent bond. This process involves the condensation reaction between the amino group (-NH₂) of one amino acid and the carboxyl group (-COOH) of another amino acid.
Identify the bond type: The covalent bond formed during this reaction is called a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a specific type of amide bond that links amino acids together in a protein chain.
Describe the reaction mechanism: During the condensation reaction, a molecule of water (H₂O) is removed. The hydrogen atom from the amino group and the hydroxyl group from the carboxyl group combine to form water, leaving behind a covalent bond between the carbon of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen of the amino group.
Compare with other bond types: Disulfide bonds are formed between sulfur atoms in cysteine residues, glycosidic bonds are found in carbohydrates, and phosphodiester bonds are present in nucleic acids. None of these are involved in the primary structure of proteins, which is formed by peptide bonds.
Conclude: The correct answer is peptide bond, as it is the specific covalent bond responsible for linking amino acids together to form proteins.
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