Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

1. Introduction to Biochemistry

Nucleic Acids

Biochemistry

1. Introduction to Biochemistry

Nucleic Acids

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Multiple Choice

The difference between ATP and the nucleoside triphosphates used during DNA synthesis is that:

ATP is incorporated directly into DNA during replication, while nucleoside triphosphates are not.

ATP contains the base thymine, whereas the nucleoside triphosphates used in DNA synthesis contain uracil.

ATP contains a ribose sugar, whereas the nucleoside triphosphates used in DNA synthesis contain a deoxyribose sugar.

ATP contains three phosphate groups, while the nucleoside triphosphates used in DNA synthesis contain only two.

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by understanding the structure of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP consists of three main components: a ribose sugar, an adenine base, and three phosphate groups. The ribose sugar is a key distinguishing feature of ATP.

Step 2: Compare ATP to the nucleoside triphosphates used in DNA synthesis (dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP). These nucleoside triphosphates contain a deoxyribose sugar instead of a ribose sugar. The absence of the hydroxyl group (-OH) at the 2' position of the sugar is what defines deoxyribose.

Step 3: Recognize that the sugar difference (ribose in ATP vs. deoxyribose in DNA nucleoside triphosphates) is crucial for their respective roles. Ribose-containing ATP is primarily involved in energy transfer, while deoxyribose-containing nucleoside triphosphates are used as building blocks for DNA synthesis.

Step 4: Eliminate the incorrect options by analyzing the chemical and functional differences. For example, ATP does not contain thymine; it contains adenine. Similarly, nucleoside triphosphates used in DNA synthesis do not contain uracil; they contain thymine, cytosine, guanine, or adenine.

Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is based on the sugar difference: ATP contains a ribose sugar, whereas the nucleoside triphosphates used in DNA synthesis contain a deoxyribose sugar. This structural distinction is fundamental to their biological roles.