Multiple Choice
Which of the following is the best description of what an enzyme does?
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6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics
Enzymes
Multiple Choice
The enzyme renin is secreted by the kidneys. What is its primary function?
A
It catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
B
It breaks down urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide.
C
It converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate.
D
It hydrolyzes peptide bonds in dietary proteins.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of renin: Renin is an enzyme secreted by the kidneys, specifically by the juxtaglomerular cells, in response to low blood pressure or low sodium levels.
Identify the primary function of renin: Renin plays a key role in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.
Focus on the biochemical reaction catalyzed by renin: Renin specifically catalyzes the conversion of angiotensinogen (a protein produced by the liver) into angiotensin I, which is an inactive precursor.
Clarify the downstream effects: Angiotensin I is further converted into angiotensin II by the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that helps increase blood pressure and stimulates aldosterone secretion.
Eliminate incorrect options: Renin does not break down urea, convert glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, or hydrolyze peptide bonds in dietary proteins. Its specific function is tied to the RAAS system and the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
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