Multiple Choice
In the context of Gibbs free energy and cellular energetics, what does ATP lose when it is hydrolyzed to ADP and inorganic phosphate ()?
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1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Gibbs Free Energy
Multiple Choice
In the context of cellular energetics and Gibbs free energy, ATP hydrolysis is often coupled to drive endergonic reactions. Which set of components correctly makes up an ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecule?
A
Adenine, ribose, and two phosphate groups
B
Adenine, deoxyribose, and three phosphate groups
C
Adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
D
Guanine, ribose, and three phosphate groups
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). ATP is a nucleotide composed of three main components: a nitrogenous base, a sugar, and phosphate groups.
Step 2: Identify the nitrogenous base in ATP. ATP contains adenine, which is a purine base, not guanine or any other base.
Step 3: Determine the sugar component. ATP contains ribose, a five-carbon sugar with a hydroxyl group on the 2' carbon, distinguishing it from deoxyribose, which lacks this hydroxyl group.
Step 4: Count the number of phosphate groups. ATP has three phosphate groups linked in a chain, which are critical for its role in energy transfer.
Step 5: Combine these components to confirm the correct composition of ATP: adenine (base), ribose (sugar), and three phosphate groups.
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