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Multiple Choice
How does denaturation affect the active site of an enzyme?
A
It has no effect on the structure or function of the active site.
B
It alters the three-dimensional structure, rendering the active site nonfunctional.
C
It increases the specificity of the active site for its substrate.
D
It enhances the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of denaturation: Denaturation refers to the process where an enzyme's three-dimensional structure is disrupted due to external factors such as heat, pH changes, or chemical agents. This structural change affects the enzyme's ability to function properly.
Recognize the importance of the active site: The active site is the region of the enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction. Its specific shape and structure are crucial for the enzyme's catalytic activity.
Analyze how denaturation impacts the active site: Denaturation alters the enzyme's three-dimensional structure, including the active site. This structural change can distort or destroy the active site's shape, preventing the substrate from binding effectively.
Understand the consequences of denaturation: When the active site is rendered nonfunctional due to denaturation, the enzyme loses its ability to catalyze reactions. This means the enzyme's specificity and catalytic activity are significantly reduced or completely lost.
Conclude the explanation: Denaturation does not enhance the enzyme's activity or increase its specificity. Instead, it disrupts the enzyme's structure, rendering the active site nonfunctional and impairing the enzyme's ability to perform its biological role.