Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biology2h 42m
2. Chemistry3h 37m
3. Water1h 26m
4. Biomolecules2h 23m
5. Cell Components2h 26m
6. The Membrane2h 31m
7. Energy and Metabolism2h 0m
8. Respiration2h 40m
9. Photosynthesis2h 49m
10. Cell Signaling59m
11. Cell Division2h 47m
12. Meiosis2h 0m
13. Mendelian Genetics4h 44m
14. DNA Synthesis2h 27m
15. Gene Expression3h 6m
16. Regulation of Expression3h 31m
17. Viruses37m
- Viruses
  37m
18. Biotechnology2h 58m
19. Genomics17m
- Genomes
  17m
20. Development1h 5m
21. Evolution3h 1m
22. Evolution of Populations3h 53m
23. Speciation1h 37m
24. History of Life on Earth2h 6m
25. Phylogeny2h 31m
26. Prokaryotes4h 59m
27. Protists1h 12m
28. Plants1h 22m
29. Fungi36m
- Fungi
  19m
- Fungi Reproduction
  17m
30. Overview of Animals34m
- Overview of Animals
  34m
31. Invertebrates1h 2m
32. Vertebrates50m
33. Plant Anatomy1h 3m
34. Vascular Plant Transport1h 2m
- Water Potential
  1h 2m
35. Soil37m
- Soil and Nutrients
  20m
- Nitrogen Fixation
  16m
36. Plant Reproduction47m
- Flowers
  33m
- Seeds
  14m
37. Plant Sensation and Response1h 9m
38. Animal Form and Function1h 19m
39. Digestive System1h 10m
- Digestion
  1h 3m
- Blood Sugar Homeostasis
  7m
40. Circulatory System1h 49m
41. Immune System1h 12m
42. Osmoregulation and Excretion50m
- Osmoregulation and Excretion
  50m
43. Endocrine System1h 4m
- Endocrine System
  1h 4m
44. Animal Reproduction1h 2m
- Animal Reproduction
  1h 2m
45. Nervous System1h 55m
- Neurons and Action Potentials
  1h 8m
- Central and Peripheral Nervous System
  46m
46. Sensory Systems46m
- Sensory System
  46m
47. Muscle Systems23m
- Musculoskeletal System
  23m
48. Ecology3h 11m
49. Animal Behavior28m
- Animal Behavior
  28m
50. Population Ecology3h 41m
51. Community Ecology2h 46m
52. Ecosystems2h 36m
53. Conservation Biology24m
- Conservation Biology
  24m

2. Chemistry

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter

General Biology

2. Chemistry

Atoms- Smallest Unit of Matter

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0:46 minutes

Problem 5

Textbook Question

Electrons ________.
a. Are negatively charged.
b. Along with neutrons make up the nucleus.
c. Are attracted to the negatively charged nucleus.
d. Are not involved in ionic bonds.
e. All of the above are true.

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by recalling the basic properties of electrons. Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative charge, which is a fundamental characteristic of their nature.

Step 2: Analyze the statement in option b. Electrons do not make up the nucleus; the nucleus is composed of protons (positively charged) and neutrons (neutral). Electrons orbit around the nucleus.

Step 3: Evaluate option c. The nucleus is positively charged due to the presence of protons. Electrons are attracted to the positively charged nucleus, not repelled by it.

Step 4: Consider option d. Electrons are indeed involved in ionic bonds. In ionic bonding, electrons are transferred between atoms to form ions, which then attract each other due to opposite charges.

Step 5: Conclude by reviewing all options. Since some statements are incorrect, the answer cannot be 'all of the above.' Focus on identifying the correct individual statement(s).

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Electron Charge

Electrons are subatomic particles with a negative electric charge, which is fundamental to their behavior in atoms. This negative charge allows them to interact with positively charged protons in the nucleus, leading to the formation of atoms and the stability of matter.

Atomic Structure

Atoms consist of a nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, with electrons orbiting around this nucleus. Neutrons are neutral particles, while protons are positively charged. The arrangement of these particles defines the chemical properties of an element.

Ionic Bonds

Ionic bonds are formed through the transfer of electrons between atoms, typically between metals and nonmetals. This transfer creates charged ions that attract each other, resulting in a stable compound. Electrons play a crucial role in this process, contrary to the statement that they are not involved.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

We can be sure that a mole of table sugar and a mole of vitamin C are equal in their

a. Mass

b. Volume

c. Number of atoms

d. Number of molecules

The reactivity of an atom arises from

a. The average distance of the outermost electron shell from the nucleus.

b. The existence of unpaired electrons in the valence shell.

c. The sum of the potential energies of all the electron shells.

d. The potential energy of the valence shell.

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Textbook Question

Changing the _________ would change it into an atom of a different element.

a. Number of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom

b. Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

c. Electrical charge of an atom

d. Number of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

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Textbook Question

Add labels to the figure that follows, which illustrates the subatomic particles associated with a carbon atom.

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Textbook Question

In what way does the need for iodine or iron in your diet differ from your need for calcium or phosphorus?

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Textbook Question

Draw Lewis dot structures for each hypothetical molecule shown below, using the correct number of valence electrons for each atom. Determine which molecule makes sense because each atom has a complete valence shell, and each bond has the correct number of electrons. Explain what makes the other molecule nonsensical, considering the number of bonds each type of atom can make.

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Textbook Question

Use carbon-12, the most common isotope of carbon, to define these terms: atomic number, mass number, valence. Which of these numbers is most related to the chemical behavior of an atom? Explain.

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Textbook Question

Look back at the abbreviated periodic table of the elements in Figure 2.5B. If two elements are in the same row, what do they have in common? If two elements are in the same column, what do they have in common? Would you predict that elements in the same row or the same column will have similar chemical properties? Explain.

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