Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a characteristic of the lytic cycle in viruses?
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17. Viruses
Viruses
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Which of the following serve as bacterial defenses against infection by viruses?
A
Capsid proteins
B
Restriction enzymes
C
Ribosomes
D
Reverse transcriptase
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context: Bacteria can be infected by viruses, known as bacteriophages. To protect themselves, bacteria have developed defense mechanisms.
Identify the function of restriction enzymes: Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences. They serve as a defense mechanism by cutting up the viral DNA, preventing the virus from hijacking the bacterial cell machinery.
Differentiate between the options: Capsid proteins are part of the virus structure, not a bacterial defense. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, not defense. Reverse transcriptase is an enzyme used by some viruses to replicate their RNA into DNA, not a bacterial defense.
Focus on the correct option: Restriction enzymes are the correct answer because they specifically target and degrade foreign DNA, such as that from invading viruses.
Summarize the bacterial defense mechanism: Bacteria use restriction enzymes to recognize and cut foreign DNA, providing a defense against viral infections by preventing the replication of viral genetic material.
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