Multiple Choice
The lipids that make up the HIV envelope are derived from which of the following?
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17. Viruses
Viruses
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What distinguishes a lysogenic infection from a lytic infection in viruses?
A
In a lysogenic infection, the virus uses RNA instead of DNA to replicate.
B
In a lysogenic infection, the virus only infects bacterial cells.
C
In a lysogenic infection, the viral DNA integrates into the host genome and can remain dormant for a period of time.
D
In a lysogenic infection, the virus immediately replicates and causes the host cell to burst.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the basic life cycle of a virus, which includes attachment, entry, replication, assembly, and release. Viruses can follow different pathways, such as the lytic or lysogenic cycle.
In a lytic infection, the virus immediately takes over the host cell's machinery to replicate its genetic material and produce new viral particles. This process often results in the lysis (bursting) of the host cell, releasing new viruses.
In a lysogenic infection, the viral DNA integrates into the host cell's genome, becoming a prophage. This integrated viral DNA can remain dormant for an extended period, replicating along with the host cell's DNA without causing immediate harm.
During the lysogenic cycle, environmental triggers or stressors can cause the prophage to exit the host genome and enter the lytic cycle, leading to the production of new viruses and eventual lysis of the host cell.
The key distinction between lysogenic and lytic infections is the integration and dormancy of viral DNA in the host genome during the lysogenic cycle, as opposed to the immediate replication and cell destruction seen in the lytic cycle.
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