Multiple Choice
Which structure allows a virus to recognize and attach to receptors on the host cell?
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17. Viruses
Viruses
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Which of the following proteins is essential for the maintenance of the lysogenic state in bacteriophages?
A
Reverse transcriptase
B
Integrase
C
Capsid protein
D
Repressor protein
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the lysogenic cycle: In bacteriophages, the lysogenic cycle involves the integration of the phage DNA into the host bacterium's genome, where it can remain dormant for extended periods.
Identify the role of the repressor protein: The repressor protein is crucial in maintaining the lysogenic state by preventing the expression of genes that would lead to the lytic cycle, where the phage replicates and eventually lyses the host cell.
Differentiate between the proteins listed: Reverse transcriptase is involved in converting RNA to DNA, typically in retroviruses, not in maintaining lysogeny. Integrase helps integrate viral DNA into the host genome but does not maintain the lysogenic state. Capsid proteins form the protective shell of the virus but do not regulate the lysogenic cycle.
Focus on the function of the repressor protein: The repressor protein binds to specific sites on the phage DNA, blocking transcription of lytic genes and ensuring the phage remains in the lysogenic cycle.
Conclude the importance of the repressor protein: By inhibiting the lytic cycle, the repressor protein is essential for the bacteriophage to remain in the lysogenic state, allowing the phage DNA to be replicated passively with the host's genome.
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