Multiple Choice
Which of the following is considered the greatest factor contributing to biodiversity loss?
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48. Ecology
Introduction to Ecology
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Which types of organisms are typically the first to colonize an area during primary succession?
A
Herbivorous mammals
B
Flowering shrubs
C
Large trees
D
Lichens and mosses
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of primary succession: Primary succession occurs in areas where there is no pre-existing soil or vegetation, such as after a volcanic eruption or glacier retreat. The first organisms to colonize these areas are known as pioneer species.
Recognize the characteristics of pioneer species: Pioneer species are typically hardy organisms that can survive in harsh conditions, such as bare rock or nutrient-poor environments. They play a crucial role in breaking down the substrate and contributing to soil formation.
Identify the types of organisms suited for primary succession: Lichens and mosses are ideal pioneer species because they can grow directly on bare rock, extract nutrients from the environment, and help create soil by breaking down the rock and accumulating organic matter.
Eliminate other options: Herbivorous mammals, flowering shrubs, and large trees require established soil and nutrients to grow, making them unsuitable as pioneer species during primary succession.
Conclude that lichens and mosses are the correct answer: These organisms initiate the process of ecological succession by creating conditions that allow other species to eventually colonize the area.
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