Multiple Choice
Which of the following processes divides the cytoplasm of cells following mitosis?
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11. Cell Division
Cytokinesis
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How does cytokinesis differ between plant and animal cells?
A
Both plant and animal cells complete cytokinesis by building a cell plate from Golgi-derived vesicles at the center of the cell.
B
Plant cells form a cleavage furrow using an actin-myosin contractile ring, whereas animal cells form a cell plate that becomes the new plasma membrane.
C
Both plant and animal cells complete cytokinesis primarily by pinching inward with a rigid cell wall at the division site.
D
Animal cells form a cleavage furrow using an actin-myosin contractile ring, whereas plant cells form a cell plate that becomes the new cell wall.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that cytokinesis is the process where the cytoplasm of a single eukaryotic cell divides to form two daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis.
Recognize that animal cells and plant cells have structural differences that affect how cytokinesis occurs, particularly the presence of a rigid cell wall in plant cells.
In animal cells, cytokinesis occurs through the formation of a cleavage furrow, which is created by a contractile ring composed of actin and myosin proteins that pinches the cell membrane inward until the cell splits.
In plant cells, because of the rigid cell wall, cytokinesis cannot occur by pinching; instead, vesicles derived from the Golgi apparatus move to the center of the cell and fuse to form a cell plate.
This cell plate gradually develops into a new cell wall that separates the two daughter cells, completing cytokinesis in plant cells.
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