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Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements correctly describes mitosis?
A
Mitosis produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
B
Mitosis is the division of a somatic cell resulting in two identical daughter cells.
C
Mitosis is the division of a sex cell resulting in four identical daughter cells.
D
Mitosis is the process by which genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Understand the definition of mitosis. Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs in somatic (non-reproductive) cells, resulting in two genetically identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Step 2: Analyze the first statement: 'Mitosis produces gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.' This describes meiosis, not mitosis. Mitosis does not produce gametes and does not reduce the chromosome number.
Step 3: Analyze the second statement: 'Mitosis is the division of a somatic cell resulting in two identical daughter cells.' This is correct because mitosis ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes as the parent cell.
Step 4: Analyze the third statement: 'Mitosis is the division of a sex cell resulting in four identical daughter cells.' This is incorrect because mitosis does not occur in sex cells (gametes), and it does not produce four cells. This describes meiosis, which produces four non-identical gametes.
Step 5: Analyze the fourth statement: 'Mitosis is the process by which genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes.' This is incorrect because the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes (crossing over) occurs during meiosis, not mitosis.