Multiple Choice
What components make up a nucleotide?
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4. Biomolecules
Nucleic Acids
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Which of the following correctly describes nucleic acid synthesis?
A
Nucleic acids are synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 5' end.
B
Nucleic acids are synthesized by removing nucleotides from the 3' end.
C
Nucleic acids are synthesized in the 3' to 5' direction.
D
Nucleic acids are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the structure of nucleic acids: Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are polymers made up of nucleotide monomers. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.
Recognize the directionality of nucleic acids: Nucleic acids have a directionality, meaning they have a 5' end and a 3' end. The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the fifth carbon of the sugar, while the 3' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the third carbon of the sugar.
Identify the process of nucleic acid synthesis: During nucleic acid synthesis, new nucleotides are added to the growing chain. This process is catalyzed by enzymes such as DNA polymerase in DNA replication or RNA polymerase in transcription.
Determine the direction of synthesis: Nucleic acids are synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing chain. This means that the synthesis occurs in the 5' to 3' direction, as new nucleotides are added to the 3' hydroxyl group.
Evaluate the given options: Based on the understanding that nucleic acids are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, the correct description of nucleic acid synthesis is that nucleic acids are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction.
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