Multiple Choice
In human fetal circulation, what do the ductus arteriosus and the foramen ovale become after birth?
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1. Introduction to Biology
Introduction to Biology
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Which of the following is NOT a function of epinephrine and norepinephrine?
A
Dilating airways in the lungs
B
Mobilizing energy stores by promoting glycogen breakdown
C
Increasing heart rate
D
Stimulating the production of insulin
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Begin by understanding the roles of epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones, also known as adrenaline and noradrenaline, are secreted by the adrenal medulla and play a key role in the 'fight or flight' response.
Step 2: Review the physiological effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine. They include dilating airways in the lungs to improve oxygen intake, increasing heart rate to pump blood more efficiently, and mobilizing energy stores by promoting glycogen breakdown to provide glucose for immediate energy.
Step 3: Consider the function of insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps regulate blood sugar levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells and encouraging glycogen synthesis, which is opposite to the energy-mobilizing effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Step 4: Analyze the options provided in the question. The first three options align with the known functions of epinephrine and norepinephrine, while the last option, 'Stimulating the production of insulin,' does not fit their role in the 'fight or flight' response.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is 'Stimulating the production of insulin,' as this is NOT a function of epinephrine and norepinephrine. These hormones are involved in increasing energy availability, not promoting insulin production.
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