Multiple Choice
Which of the following organ systems is NOT involved in thermoregulation?
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38. Animal Form and Function
Thermoregulation
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In the context of thermoregulation, how does homeostasis relate to hyperthermia?
A
Hyperthermia occurs when homeostatic mechanisms for heat balance (heat loss vs. heat gain) are overwhelmed or fail, allowing core body temperature to rise above the normal set point.
B
Hyperthermia occurs only when homeostasis is functioning perfectly, because vasoconstriction and shivering always increase heat loss.
C
Homeostasis causes hyperthermia by intentionally raising the temperature set point through hypothalamic signaling, producing fever.
D
Hyperthermia is the normal homeostatic response that lowers core body temperature below the set point during cold exposure.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of homeostasis in thermoregulation. Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment, including maintaining core body temperature within a narrow, optimal range despite external temperature changes.
Step 2: Recognize that the hypothalamus acts as the body's thermostat, detecting deviations from the normal temperature set point and activating mechanisms to either conserve or dissipate heat to maintain homeostasis.
Step 3: Define hyperthermia as a condition where the core body temperature rises above the normal set point due to excessive heat gain or insufficient heat loss.
Step 4: Analyze how hyperthermia relates to homeostasis by noting that it occurs when the body's homeostatic mechanisms (such as sweating, vasodilation, and behavioral responses) are overwhelmed or fail to adequately dissipate heat, leading to an abnormal increase in body temperature.
Step 5: Differentiate hyperthermia from fever, which is a controlled increase in the temperature set point by the hypothalamus as part of a homeostatic response to infection, whereas hyperthermia is a failure of heat balance without a change in the set point.
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