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Multiple Choice
Which gland is thought to play a role in establishing 24-hour circadian rhythms?
A
Thyroid gland
B
Pineal gland
C
Pituitary gland
D
Adrenal gland
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of circadian rhythms: These are biological processes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, regulating sleep-wake patterns, hormone release, and other physiological functions.
Identify the gland associated with circadian rhythms: The pineal gland is known for its role in regulating these rhythms by producing and releasing melatonin, a hormone that influences sleep-wake cycles.
Compare the functions of the listed glands: The thyroid gland regulates metabolism, the pituitary gland controls various hormonal functions, and the adrenal gland is involved in stress response and metabolism. None of these are directly linked to circadian rhythms.
Focus on the pineal gland: It is located in the brain and is sensitive to light signals received through the eyes. These signals help regulate melatonin production, which peaks at night and decreases during the day.
Conclude that the pineal gland is the correct answer: Its role in melatonin production directly ties it to the establishment and maintenance of 24-hour circadian rhythms.