Multiple Choice
Which of the following are the components of blood that help protect against pathogens and aid in blood clotting?
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41. Immune System
Immune System
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In the context of the immune system and infectious disease risk, which individual would be considered part of a highly susceptible population?
A
A patient receiving chemotherapy that causes neutropenia
B
A trained endurance athlete with normal white blood cell counts
C
A healthy 20-year-old adult with no chronic medical conditions
D
An adult who has completed all recommended vaccinations and has no immunodeficiency
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of susceptibility in the immune system. Susceptibility refers to how likely an individual is to become infected or develop disease when exposed to pathogens, often influenced by the strength and functionality of their immune system.
Step 2: Identify factors that weaken the immune system. Conditions such as neutropenia (a low count of neutrophils, which are a type of white blood cell important for fighting infections) increase susceptibility to infections.
Step 3: Analyze each individual’s immune status: a patient receiving chemotherapy often experiences neutropenia, reducing their ability to fight infections; a trained endurance athlete with normal white blood cell counts has a healthy immune system; a healthy 20-year-old adult with no chronic conditions also has a normal immune defense; an adult who has completed vaccinations and has no immunodeficiency is well protected.
Step 4: Recognize that chemotherapy-induced neutropenia significantly compromises immune defenses, making that patient highly susceptible to infections compared to the other individuals listed.
Step 5: Conclude that the individual receiving chemotherapy causing neutropenia is part of a highly susceptible population due to their impaired immune function.
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