Multiple Choice
Which of the following best defines negative nitrogen balance?
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7. Energy and Metabolism
Introduction to Metabolism
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Metabolism is ______.
A
the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones only
B
the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane
C
the process by which cells divide to produce new cells
D
the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the term 'metabolism' in biology: It refers to all the chemical reactions that occur within a living organism to maintain life. These reactions are broadly categorized into two types: catabolism (breaking down molecules to release energy) and anabolism (building up molecules using energy).
Eliminate incorrect options by analyzing their definitions: For example, 'the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones only' describes catabolism, which is just one part of metabolism, not the entire process.
Review the option 'the movement of water across a selectively permeable membrane': This describes osmosis, which is unrelated to metabolism.
Evaluate the option 'the process by which cells divide to produce new cells': This describes cell division (e.g., mitosis or meiosis), which is also not directly related to metabolism.
Conclude that the correct answer is 'the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism,' as it encompasses both catabolic and anabolic processes, which together define metabolism.
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