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Multiple Choice
The term 'metabolism' is best defined as:
A
the process of synthesizing large molecules from smaller ones
B
the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism
C
the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP
D
the movement of substances across cell membranes
Verified step by step guidance
1
Step 1: Begin by understanding the term 'metabolism.' Metabolism refers to all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism to maintain life. These reactions are broadly categorized into two types: anabolism (building up molecules) and catabolism (breaking down molecules).
Step 2: Analyze the provided options. Option 1 ('the process of synthesizing large molecules from smaller ones') describes anabolism, which is a part of metabolism but not its complete definition.
Step 3: Evaluate Option 2 ('the sum of all chemical reactions that occur within a living organism'). This option encompasses both anabolism and catabolism, making it the most accurate definition of metabolism.
Step 4: Consider Option 3 ('the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP'). This describes cellular respiration, a specific catabolic process within metabolism, but it does not define metabolism as a whole.
Step 5: Review Option 4 ('the movement of substances across cell membranes'). This describes transport mechanisms, which are not directly part of metabolism but may support metabolic processes. Therefore, Option 2 is the correct definition of metabolism.