Multiple Choice
What is a major difference between DNA Polymerase I and DNA Polymerase III in prokaryotic cells?
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14. DNA Synthesis
DNA Polymerases
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How does DNA Polymerase I differ from DNA Polymerase III in terms of function during DNA replication?
A
DNA Polymerase I synthesizes the leading strand continuously.
B
DNA Polymerase III is responsible for proofreading and error correction.
C
DNA Polymerase I removes RNA primers and replaces them with DNA nucleotides.
D
DNA Polymerase III removes RNA primers during replication.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the roles of DNA Polymerase I and DNA Polymerase III in DNA replication. DNA replication is a complex process involving multiple enzymes, each with specific functions.
DNA Polymerase I is primarily involved in the removal of RNA primers and replacing them with DNA nucleotides. RNA primers are short sequences that initiate DNA synthesis, and they need to be replaced with DNA for the replication process to be complete.
DNA Polymerase III is the main enzyme responsible for the synthesis of new DNA strands. It adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand in a 5' to 3' direction and is highly efficient in synthesizing the leading and lagging strands.
DNA Polymerase III also has proofreading capabilities. It can identify and correct errors during DNA synthesis, ensuring high fidelity in the replication process.
Clarify the misconception: DNA Polymerase III does not remove RNA primers; this function is performed by DNA Polymerase I. DNA Polymerase III's primary role is in synthesizing DNA and proofreading.
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