Multiple Choice
Keratin and collagen are examples of which type of proteins?
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4. Biomolecules
Proteins
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What is the main function of insulin in the human body?
A
To initiate the transcription of DNA into RNA
B
To lower blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells
C
To transport oxygen from the lungs to body tissues
D
To catalyze the breakdown of proteins into amino acids
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of insulin in the human body. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, specifically by the beta cells in the islets of Langerhans.
Step 2: Recall that insulin's primary function is related to glucose metabolism. It helps regulate blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, particularly muscle and fat cells.
Step 3: Recognize that insulin does not directly interact with DNA transcription, oxygen transport, or protein breakdown. These functions are associated with other biological molecules or processes.
Step 4: Insulin binds to specific receptors on the surface of target cells, triggering a signaling cascade that allows glucose transporters (such as GLUT4) to move to the cell membrane and facilitate glucose entry into the cell.
Step 5: By promoting glucose uptake and storage (as glycogen in the liver and muscle), insulin effectively lowers blood glucose levels, maintaining homeostasis in the body.
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